The Black Death :: Disease, Plague

The Black Death was one of the deadliest pandemic that hit Europe in history. The Black Death first emerged in the shores of Italy in the spring of 1348 (Gottfried,1). The plague came from several Italian merchant ships which were returning to Messina. Several sailors on board were dying of an unknown disease and a few days after arriving in Messina, several residents within and outside of Messina were dying as well (Poland 1). The Black Death was as deadly as it was because it was not limited by gender, age, or species. The Black Death was also very deadly because it could attack in three different forms: the bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague. Even though the bubonic plague can not be transmitted among humans, it was the most common of the three plagues. The bubonic plague occurs when fleas feed on the blood of infected rodents, which are usually rats (Poland 1). The bacterium that causes the infection is known as Yersenia Pestis. The fleas then pass the bacteria when they bite a human or when materials infected with Yersenia pestis directly enters the body through a wound. The names of this plague come from the swellings, also known as buboes, that appeared on a victim’s neck, armpits, or groin (Gottfried,1).The lymph nodes suddenly become painful and swollen with pus especially in the groin. Later, the skin splits and oozes pus and blood. Blood also comes out of the victim’s urine which, like the rest of the symptoms, smells horribly. These swellings (also known as tumors) could be as small as an egg or as big as an apple. Even though some people survived this disease, others would have a life expectancy of a week. The septicemic plague was transmitted in the same way as the bubonic plague. The septicemic plague was transmitted with direct contact with a flea bite. The only three hosts in which the disease could live in were in humans, rats, and fleas (Inspecta 1). Inside the rat flea, the bacteria Yersenia pestis multiply inside the flea which in turn, blocks the flea’s stomach causing it to be very hungry. As a result, the flea starts biting the host vigorously which in turn would spread the plague to the host. Since the bacterium is still blocking the flea’s stomach, the flea would still be hungry and therefore it would continue to bite other humans until it starves to death.

Africa essay Essay

Sub-Saharan Africa: Change and Continuity Essay Summaries Period 3 1 600-1450: Trade Routes and Their Impacts by Stephanie Lin 2 100-1450: Politics by Rebecca Lee-McFadden 3 1450-1750: Politics and Economics by Emma Loh 4 Sub-Saharan Africa’s Relationship to Global Trade Patterns – 1750 to the Present by Douglas Chee 5 1450-Present: Religion by LJ Cabutaje 6 1914-Present: Formation of National Identities by George Kitsios a using evidence from specific countries Essay 1 Sub-Saharan Africa 600 -1450 Trade Routes and Their Impacts Before the 600s, trade routes in Africa weren’t used nearly as much as they are today After 600s, long distance trade increased and increased social and cultural diffusion At the end of the 600s, the world saw the decline of the classical period The fall of the classical empires such as the Gupta and Han Empires and Rome allowed various religions to spread Before 600 CE, connections existed between Sub-Saharan Africa and civilized societies, but were limited Cultural diffusion before the 600s included Africanity and diffusion of Bantu languages As trade routes intensified, Arab traders could spread to previously unreachable areas using camels and caravans One of the key changes that occurred during this period was the influence and spread of Islamic religion and culture and the connection of West Africa with the Muslim World Trade also increased economic prosperity, such as in the kingdoms of Ghana, Mali and Songhai Gold-salt trade between Ghana and Arab desert traders and the Mediterranean prospered considerably as Ghana had gold but no salt and the Mediterranean had salt but no gold Ghana’s king converted to Islam, led to better relations with the Islamic world Indian Ocean trade led to increased development of city-states such as Mogadishu and Sofala Slave trading increased Much continuity accompanied these changes Syncretic conversion, which is they kept some of their own beliefs while converting to a new religion such as intertwining Islam with animism and ancient folklore Many people were still devoted to Christianity Nomads were still the â€Å"middlemen† between the east and west Same basic routes were still used for trade during this period Africans retained their sense of originality and culture Essay 2 Evaluate the political changes and continuities over time in Sub Saharan Africa from years 100 to 1450. Thesis: Sub Saharan Africa went from being made up of small individual tribes to large, organized empires. The arrival of new religions also affected the laws and codes Sub Saharan Africans had to follow. Throughout these changes, one continuity was that religious beliefs still played an important part in the political structures. Changes: -Smaller and decentralized tribes became larger, more organized empires. During 100 CE and earlier, there did not exist organized governments. Most societies were clans and tribes ruled by a tribal leader. Some societies were hunter-gatherer ones. Unification really could not occur due to arid environments and culturally diverse regions. Larger empires and kingdoms were able to rise because of an increase in interaction and trade between tribes. An increased production of crops and iron tools and artisan goods led to more trading. As tribes traded, some grew wealthier and more powerful. These tribes conquered others and took control of regional trade routes becoming more powerful. They then became larger kingdoms and societies. Ghana and Great Zimbabwe were two examples of this. Their rise to power was due to the wealth earned from trading and controlling trade routes. Eastern City States like Zanzibar, Mombasa, and Sofala rose to power because of trading in the Indian Ocean Trading Route. -Religions like Islam and Christianity affected law codes Most of Sub-Saharan Africans followed animism. With the arrival of monotheistic religions like Christianity and Islam, law codes were altered. Mali, for example, was an Islamic state. The people under the Mali empire had to follow Islamic law, shari’a and the Qur’an. The Kingdom of Aksum converted to Christianity under the king, Ezana. Ezana ruled his people under the beliefs and teachings of Christianity. Continuities: – Religious beliefs continued to play a role in political structures and law codes Whether the dominating religion was Islam, Christianity, or animism, it still affected how the particular society ran and the laws the people had to follow. Animism also affected tribes politically. Kings and tribal leaders were believed to be decedents of their gods. Religion was all people knew and was so heavily integrated in their lives,. Political structures and law codes were not an exception to this. Essay 3 Prompt: The period of 1450 to 1750 witnessed important transformations in Africa. Trace significant changes and continuities in two of the following areas: social, economic, and political. Economics Change: emergence and eventual domination of the transatlantic slave trade first interactions with Europeans Portuguese and some African tribes created trade relations that were beneficial to both sides in gold, world markets. WHY European production growth, e.g. Portugal’s sugar plantations profits went to Africa, most slaves were POWs Continuity: the profitable trade of raw materials 15th C: gold, copper, cotton textiles, leather works 17th C: gold, ivory, timber Politics Changes political alliances with European foreigners 1500s: some African kings were open to European religions (Christianity) allowed access to European firearms and association with advanced societies few were actually committed to Christianity due to dominant Muslim culture. 17th Century: kings profited from the slave trade, cooperative with Europeans some kings lost power to the slave trade 15th C: some normal Africans started to be kidnapped for the slave trade Continuity: monarchies as the dominant governments which maintained power throughout Africa. forced Europeans to adhere to African trading customs. collected expensive rents from European merchants. prevented Europeans from claiming African territory were not heavily influenced by Europeans. ** not all kings participated in European trade, and a majority of them did not. Essay 4 Sub-Saharan Africa’s Relationship to Global Trade Patterns – 1750 to the Present Sub-Saharan Africa is rich with raw materials – precious metals, animal products, plant oils. 1750s: Independent African kingdoms exported gold, copper, ivory, vegetable oils, and animal pelts to various Western powers, in exchange for machine-made products. Lack of industrialization.  Huge slave trade from 1750-1867, despite Great Britains attempted abolishment in 1808. Slaves utilized in Western colonies and plantations. Constant European presence and tight relationship in trade. Scramble for Africa: End of slave trade led to economic weakness, leaving African states vulnerable to the European imperialists. Peak of European’s constant influence. New exports included diamonds and rubber. Africa continued to be a global source for raw materials, due to their continued lack of industrialization. Post WWII: Nationalistic movements brought independence from European powers, but left political/economic issues for the now decolonized states. Dependency on the delicate trade of cash crops, in addition to the lack of industrialization and help for the now expelled European powers had led to economic backwardness in Sub-Saharan Africa. Essay 5 Religious Changes and Continuities in Sub-Saharan Africa: 1450-Present: Thesis: From 1450 to the present, Sub-Saharan Africa’s religious atmosphere has experienced many changes due to the exponential growth of such global religions as Christianity and Islam in the region, while it has also maintained religious continuities in its traditional and established beliefs and practices, by the usage of syncretism Changes and Analysis: There was a large growth in the spread of Islam throughout the region. Because of the way that cultural diffusion occurred throughout various trade routes, Islam easily spread throughout the region and integrated into the cultures of local tribes, without the need for conquest from the leaders. From 1900 to the present, it grew exponentially, from a few million to more than 300 million, comprising 15% of the world’s Islamic population. Christianity was the other global religion that grew exponentially during this time period. It was first introduced in the 15th century by Portuguese Catholic missionaries who wanted to convert the natives to their faith. Similarly to Islam, in the 20th century, the Christian population in Sub-Saharan Africa rose up, eventually totaling over 470 million, effectively making up more than 20% of the world’s Christian population. This occurred due to the heavy anti-slavery sentiment and the scramble for Africa which occurred in this time peri od. Continuities and Analysis: Despite the changes, the people of this region were still able to adhere to their long-time and ancient beliefs and traditions. Many still practice animism, or the belief in the spirits of nature, and practice rituals such as voodoo. They were able to continue because of the tolerance of the major global religions and also because of their practice of syncretism, in which they incorporated the local religions with these global religions. One last continuity was Christianity in Ethiopia, where the religion was indigenous and was there from the 4th Century CE. Essay 6 -Pre WWII, Sub Saharan Africa witnesses significant changes in the identities of its nations. Largely fueled as a reaction to separatist movements from European Colonial structures, and a recent surge in nationalism -Many strive towards self governed rule with dreams of liberation influenced by fighting in the name of freedom in the 2nd World War Changes: -Ghana -Gold Coast was hot bed of nationalism after WWII, desire for British to allow self rule -Took first step through African representation in council, but not enough -Many had aspirations for Ghana to become the African United States -Ambitious Goal expanded in 1947, Kwame Nkrumah starts series of boycotts, strikes, etc -By 1957, Gold Coast receives full independence, renamed Ghana -Nkrumah 1st president, creates proactive reforms -Kenya -Also governed from a far by the British -Large amounts of free land in Northern Highlands believed by the Native kenyans their own land with their own rights; not some prize for Britain. -Movement for Kenyan Independence begins, seeded in nationalism, by Joma Kenyatta, who like others, believed â€Å"Africa can only advance to a higher level if he is free to express himself†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , meaning free from external rule -Formation of Mau Mau Guerilla group, more violent approach toward Kenyan national identity, killing 10,000 Africans and 100 settlers in the process -Eventually, Kenya gains independence in 1963 Continuities: -One of largest things that stayed the same was the pattern of violence and oppression experienced in inter and intercommunication of African native groups/future nations -Nigeria -Key example, newborn nation that adopts a federal system -Borders did not pay attention to the cultural tensions it put in place among the civilians, would provoke a large amount of controversy -Ultimately leads to a full out civil war breaking loose, amongst a number of ethnic groups forced to live together with no prior notice -Horrible level of instability within the government, provoking martial law on some areas. -Outcome of a movement intended to liberate resulted in unimaginable violence, and the replacement of one oppressive, ignorant government, with a more familiar one -South Africa -Obtains partial independence from Great Britain by 1931, allowing for self government (sorta) -White supremacy ends up taking over the reigns immediately however policies of apartheid run rampant for the next couple of decades -Formation and barring of the African National Congress (ANC) -Misrepresentation in laws/distribution of land -South Africans are 75% of population, but only allowed on 13% of land (slum land too!) -ANC and other pro South African Native movements decide to go with a more violent route, yet many end up killed, beaten, or jailed in the 70s and 80s, especially after demonstrations in 1977. -Struggle for accurate democracy at hand, no room for reform, and realization of equality not realized until later on (Nelson Mandela) -Black citizens grossly mistreated in their own homeland, reign of violence and terror overstays its welcome

Walmart Debacle of Germany - 2078 Words

Wal-Mart in Europe Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Wal-Mart Background 2 Wal-Mart’s Culture 2 Wal-Mart’s Strategy 3 Problems/Criticism faced by Wal-Mart 3 Wal-Mart in Germany 4 Key Issue: Wal-Mart’s Failure in Germany 4 Situation Analysis 5 Porter’s 5 Forces Model 5 Wal-Mart: Germany vs. Britain 6 Challenges in Germany 7 Evaluation of Alternatives 10 Recommendations 10 Executive Summary The world economy has undergone a drastic revolution in the last three decades through globalization. This has made the world economy more efficient and competitive, by enhancing product quality, increasing the product variety and lowering price. With successful expansion in locations like Mexico and Canada, in†¦show more content†¦Key Issue: Wal-Mart’s Failure in Germany Wal-Mart’s strategy to replicate the successful U.S. formula of Everyday Low Price (EDLP) guarantee, efficient inventory control and distribution system resulted in significant cross-cultural issues with Germans consumers and suppliers. Moreover, the top management failed to anticipate the cultural differences between the German culture and the Wal-Mart culture. The key issues faced by Wal-Mart were: * Unable to recognize the German consumer behaviour and culture in comparison with US * Entry to German market by acquisition strategy * Laws and regulations – zoning and limited stores hours * Failure to deliver on its legendary â€Å"every-day low prices† and â€Å"excellent service† value proposition. * Underdeveloped supply chain relationship * Absence of local brand name * Poor relationship with suppliers Situation Analysis Porter’s 5 Forces Model Bargaining Power of Customers – Very High * German customers not accustomed to friendly atmosphere * Presence of strong German competitors * Low cost from competitors Bargaining Power of Suppliers – Very High * Poor suppliers network * Centralized distribution system not accepted by German suppliers * Suppliers with strong connection to local players * Low switching cost due to abundance of retail companies Competitive Rivalry – High * Huge competition from local players like Metro, Aldi etc. *Show MoreRelatedCase Study on Walmart681 Words   |  3 PagesUnited States, WalMart pulled the plug on its German operations and left that market with its business tail stuck between its legs. Headlined in the Times was the fact that WalMart, the worlds largest retailer, abruptly pulled out of Germany yesterday (Times, 2006). WalMart sold the 85 stores it owned and operated to a competitor writing off approximately $1 billion. This is an interesting case study in that there are a variety of reasons behind WalMarts failure in Germany; not least amongRead MoreBest Buy S Turn Around Strategy13959 Words   |  56 Pagesas the best buy.7 As Joly saw it, Best Buy had a lot of strengths on which to build, in spite of its disappointing financials. It sold far more consumer electronics than either of its largest competitors ($50 billion compared to ~$30 billion for Walmart and $14 billion for Amazon), and dominated the PC, camera, and tablet categories in terms of market share. It had state-of-the-art logistics, inventory, and support systems that enabled it to make same-day deliveries for online orders. Meanwhile,Read MoreWalmart Case Study4489 Words   |  18 PagesSeptember 30, 2005, the Company had 1,253 Wal-Mart stores, 1,876 Supercenters, 555 Sam’s Clubs and 95 Neighborhood Markets in the United States. Internationally, the Company operated units in Argentina (11), Brazil (151), Canada (261), China (49), Germany (88), South Korea (16), Mexico (730), Puerto Rico (54) and the United Kingdom (295). Executive Summary Wal-Mart has grown into one of the largest discount retail stores in the world and has proven that the type of operation that they have isRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagesof a link between cochlear implants and bacterial meningitis (a potentially fatal infection of the lining of the surface of the brain). There were 43 such cases and 11 people died. There were reports that implants had been withdrawn from sale in Germany, France and Spain. On 25 July the FDA updated its warning and said it had now learned of 118 cases.12 Cochlear responded to the crisis quickly. Graeme Clark claimed that the infection was related to a design change by their competitor, Advanced BionicsRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesCity CASE STUDY I-5 Data Governance at InsuraCorp CASE STUDY I-6 H.H. Gregg’s Appliances, Inc.: Deciding on a New Information Technology Platform CASE STUDY I-7 Midsouth Chamber of Commerce (B): Cleaning Up an Information Systems Debacle CASE STUDY II-1 Vendor-Managed Inventory at NIBCO CASE STUDY II-2 Real-Time Business Intelligence at Continental Airlines CASE STUDY II-3 Norfolk Southern Railway: The Business Intelligence Journey CASE STUDY II-4 Mining Data

The Joys and Pains of Teaching Seniors

There is a certain attitude in high schools that Senior teachers often get off easy. Typically, their students finish sooner than the rest of the school. Further, the worst behaved students have often times left school for good by that point. Despite these positives, teaching Seniors is not always a bed of roses. So how do we keep students who are suffering from Chronic Senioritis motivated? I cant say I have all the answers, but I can give you some insights that might help you make it through the last day of graduation practice without losing your mind or your patience. Teaching Seniors requires a person with a special personality. You cant take things as seriously with Seniors because, honestly, you are dealing with at least four special circumstances: Non-college bound students who are doing fine and will definitely graduate. They know that by second semester they only need to pass (not excel) in your class and therefore they do not take it seriously. Note: If you teach an non-required elective, this is even worse.College-bound students who by their second semester have already been accepted to their University and know that it is VERY rare that students will be turned away based on their last semester grades unless they fail.Students who are in danger of not graduating and are doing everything they can to stay afloat and make that grade that will give them the required GPA.Students who have no chance of graduating on time. These can be divided into two subcategories: those that will take the required summer courses to graduate and those that wont. Further, the ones who wont are often under the false impression that somehow a miracle will happen and they will be allowed to graduate. (Whats really sad is that many schools allow the se individuals to actually walk across the stage - just not get a diploma. Why cant we teach our students the harsh reality of their poor decisions? They will learn them soon enough - so arent we doing them a disservice by not helping them learn coping mechanisms now? But thats another article for another day.) So with that said, you can probably see that your best and average students are usually not interested in giving it their all. The only people still interested in working hard are those who either do or dont have a chance to graduate on time. And they are most interested in getting work in that will raise their grades. What to do? You can choose to give up for the last semester and just show movies - loosely based on your topic. You can continue teaching as always hoping they will settle down and get back to the way they were first semester. Or you can change what you are doing and include interest building activities that could actually result in some thinking and learning. Ideas for Interest Building Activities: Have the entire Senior class work on a project that culminates near the end of the year. In my school, we always had a Mock Legislature. Kids spent time writing bills and then for two days, the bills went through committees. If they made it through the House committees then they had to go to the Senate committees. If they made it out of their, they had to go to the entire House and Senate. If they made it out of that, the Governor would determine if it was a worthy bill and either sign or veto it. Of course, the competition for the top spots (committee chairs, Speaker, Governor, etc.) would be advertised and students would have to apply and turn in resumes. etc. This kept kids motivated and interested in coming to school. Hold classroom debates Go back to Grade School. The oddest thing happens with last semester Seniors. They are eager to leave but they are also (secretly) afraid of leaving the safety of High School. Therefore, they seem to really enjoy activities in class that requ ire artwork, cutting and pasting, experimenting, even coloring. Make them curricularly-sound - they will enjoy it. Teach them about what they can expect in College. Spend a little time talking to them about college and about how to succeed. Teach them note-taking skills. Let them in on some truths - like how important it is to figure out each professor at the beginning of a course to know how best to turn in work that they will appreciate. Help them create goals. There is no greater gift that you can give them giving students a road map to making their dreams become reality. Play educational games. Some simulation games provide students wiht a real depth of understanding. Interact has an awesome line up of simulations throughout the curriculum. Even though something might be listed as for Middle School, it can still be used in the upper grade. In the end, motivating Seniors is more about changing your teaching style to keep their interest. This is not say that you have to be an entertainer but if you want to make the last months of school enjoyable each year, try one or more of these strategies and see what happens. Good Luck!

Prostitution And The United States - 1044 Words

Jeana Williams Scruggs English Three 07 December 2016 Prostitution in the United States Prostitution is one of the world s oldest professions.Even though that it may increase sex trafficking, prostitution should be legalised in the United States because it would decrease violence and It would boost the economy. Men and women around the world are free to chose prostitution as their own profession, yet not in the US. Only one state has legalized prostitution and some want it made illegal there this would be a mistake as it would exacerbate the problems caused by it not being legal. Many people view prostitution as a deplorable job held by women who have no other option. Yet just like the porn industry if regulation was implemented then most of the stigma surrounding it would dissipate. These stigmas include that the women are worthless and unnecessary as well as that there are no men who work in this industry as a sex worker. In both legal and illegal brothels both sexes participate on both sides. In Nevada which is the only state where prostitution is legal, there are a total of 8 brothels owned by Dennis Hof a billionaire trying to work in politics to legalize prostitution everywhere (Hamdan 5). Regulations include that â€Å"[t]he workers must be at least 21 years old, use condoms, and undergo weekly testing for STDs and HIV. As of date none of the workers have tested HIV positive since testing mandated in 1985.† (5) The workers also participate in the community and showShow MoreRelatedProstitution : Prostitution And The United States2442 Words    |  10 PagesProstitution is unlawful in the United States, with the exception of a few areas in Nevada. In any case, prostitution is in most part of the United States, regardless of the way that it has been authorized. Prostitution is a demonstration whereby, one offers his/her body for sex. In the United States, Prostitution is separated into three general classes; road, escort, and massage parlor prostitution. Whorehouse prostitution happens in massage parlor houses, which are houses where whores can offerRead MoreProstitution And The United States1892 Words   |  8 PagesProstitution is illegal in the United States and the laws keeping it illegal are causing more problems than they are solving. Because there are no regulations or laws protecting sex workers in the United States, and everything is run underground, there is nothing stopping the mistreatment and abuse of sex workers in the United States. The only way to protect sex workers is to legalize prostitution. In the foll owing paper, I will attempt to prove that prostitution is a victimless crime and the lawsRead MoreLegal Prostitution in the United States Essay1086 Words   |  5 Pagesodd to think that prostitution, which is considered to be the world’s oldest profession, would be illegal and harmful in nature. The issue of legalizing prostitution has entered public conversation around the world, which is severely divided. Many, like myself, consider prostitution to be a victimless crime. Despite such opposition to legalizing prostitution, many argue that legalizing it would result in decreased morality issues, increase the economic activity in the United States, and help decreaseRead MoreThe Legalization Of Prostitution Within The United States2257 Words   |  10 PagesProstitution is a profession that has been around for centuries and has a majority of negative stigmas toward it. People of different genders and sexual practices have found jobs within this industry. They face problems within their line of work due to many areas having this profession marked as illegal. These legal restrictions breed further problems for sex workers ranging from health problems, work environment dangers, and tough economic situations. The idea of legalizing prostitution within theRead MoreThe United States Should Legalize Prostitution2243 Words   |  9 Pagesnot the United States should legalize prostitution is a highly debated social, political, ethical, and cultural issue. Prostitution by definition is to engage in sexual activity with someone for payment. Although many countries and even some rural counties in the U.S. have legalized prostitution, it still has dire effects on the women involved and is an immoral and exploitative act. Prostitution is an unethical and immoral act of exploitative, degrading, and abusive work that the United States shouldRead MoreMoving Prostitution Through The United States2100 Words   |  9 PagesMoving Prostitution in the Right Direction in the United States Abstract: This paper explores the world’s oldest and most controversial occupation and puts forth a foundational plan for legalizing and regulating sex work in a safe way that satisfies both radical and liberal feminists ideals. To understand how prostitution has evolved to where it’s at today, this proposal travels through the history of prostitution in the United States (heavily focusing on the twentieth century.) Prostitutes wereRead MoreThe United States Of America Should Legalize Prostitution1178 Words   |  5 PagesControversy and Significance Statement(s): Prostitution is a crime in Amreica and criminalizing it is putting more sex workers in jail. Credibility Statement: I have researched and read about prostition. Persuasive Thesis: The United States of America should legalize prostitution. Preview Statement: Today, we’ll will be defining what prostitution is and examining it’s difference from human trafficking. Then, we’ll be examining why we should be legalizing prostitution rather than just decriminalizing itRead MoreProstitution Should Be Legalized Within The United States1602 Words   |  7 PagesKnown globally as â€Å"The world’s oldest profession†, a prostitute can give you quite the bang for your buck! Prostitution should be legalized within the United States of America for numerous reasons, some of which including decrease in rape and diseases, adding a nice little boost to our economy, and generally reducing violence against women of the night. Even though prostitution can be very dangerous, many women choose that path. If you re strapped for cash and don’t have many options don’t worryRead MoreShould the United States Legalize Prostitution? Essay1148 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution in its legal sense is defined as sexual intercourse of some kind in exchange for some kind of payment, usually money (Adriaenssens and Hendrickx 665; Perer 826).As of 2013, there are an estimated 1 million to 2 million prostitutes active in the world wide sex work industry today (Adriaenssens and Hendrickx 666). Prostitution is illegal in the United States; however, many experts think that should change. Most European and Asian countries have legalized prostitution (Agustà ­n 74). SomeRead MoreShould Prostitution be Legalized in the United States? Essay1984 Words   |  8 PagesProstitution is an issue that has been debated in many countries. 22 countries have legalized prostitution. In the United States, prostitution is only legal in 11 rural counties in Nevada. It used to be legal in Rhode Island due to a loophole, but since 2009, it has been illegal 1. Women are not the only ones who are prostitutes, about 20 to 30% of prostitutes are male 2, which means both genders are affected by laws against prostitution. Men and women should be allowed to choose how they want to

Life unworthy of life phobia and Mass murder in hitlers’ Germany Free Essays

James M. Glass was known for his expertise in politics and psychology of illusion. Glass’ interests include political theory, philosophy, and political psychology. We will write a custom essay sample on Life unworthy of life: phobia and Mass murder in hitlers’ Germany or any similar topic only for you Order Now His current researches also include about the study of the psychological preconditions for engagement with civil society. This is the reason why he was able to come up with a written narrative regarding the historical background on the Nazi regime. As a result, the historical account that has been written by the particular author is a fine display of the history of the people of the time of Hitler. About the Book In Hitler’s regime, it could be seen and imagined how hard the individual Jews struggled for their survival. If the situation would be compared to the present society today, it could be observed that the present society is already lucky it is   not experiencing what the Jews have   undergone during the those times. During the time of the German Nazi era, the rules and the code of the government were not merely implemented in good ways. The abusiveness of the power is a mere factor why so many Jewish people suffered the pains and agonies brought about by the regime. They were a part of a community that has freedom and will   to do whatever they wanted to do, but during that time racial discrimination made a big impact and easily affected the German Jews. Glass’ report on the said important account of the situation has mainly pointed out several important factors that contributed to the succession of the history towards the Nazi regime. THE ENLIGHTENMENT: ACTION AND REACTION In the time of Hitler’s Dynasty, some of the government officials do not know what the importance of life was. Killing for them is very easy and vigorous, and they did not consider it as a crime. However, today, the situation that happened before has mainly affected the views of the present society regarding their respect of life. This touching history enlightens the people on how they will respect each other in different ways all over the world. It is a challenge to the people to always remember how the Jews faced the bitterness of political adversary, political error and abusiveness of power by the leader of the nation How to cite Life unworthy of life: phobia and Mass murder in hitlers’ Germany, Essays

Shooting Stars Analysis Carol Ann Duffyt free essay sample

Shooting Star – Carol Ann Duffy The poem Shooting Stars by Carol Ann Duffy tells a shocking story of a female prisoner held by Nazis in a concentration camp around the time of the Holocaust. The poem is set in 1940, Hitler and his Nazi party had taken control of most of Europe and had vowed to exterminate the entire Jewish race. Duffys haunting use of imagery and word choice make this poem so memorable and its very strong opening prepares the reader for the rest of the poem. The title choice, Shooting Stars is a very effective and ambiguous.The first meaning is that the word ‘Stars’ represents the Jewish symbol in which is The Star of David. Jewish people were forced to wear them on their clothes to mark them out as targets of abuse and torment for Nazis. Another possible meaning of the title is metaphorically symbolising a literal shooting star and comparing it to the life of the Jewish prisoners. The Jews life is similar to the shooting star in the way that their life and potential was bright and brilliant but was cut short.The title stays with the reader and is reinforced by its clever use of alliteration and also reinforces the fact that any death, no matter how small, is still heroic and brave. The poem begins with After I no longer speak they break our fingers to salvage my wedding ring. Duffy opens the poem by using shock tactics which catch the reader’s attention and also prepares us for the rest of the poem. This spoken by a dead Jewish woman is a shocking description telling how the Germans would take anything valuable off the Jewish women and how they value jewellery more than human life.The word Salvage is usually used to mean saving useful parts of something which is being disposed of, the associations of this word clearly indicates the lack of respect and care the Germans had for the dead Jewish bodies. The persona comes across as a heroine, for the reader because she attempts to give the reader a list of the names in which we have believed to of passed away â€Å"Rebecca Rachel Ruth Aaron Emmanuel David† All these names used are stereotypical Jewish family names.In addition Duffy has also not used any punctuation whilst listing them possibly to highlight the fact the list goes on and on due to the mass killing of the Jewish race and the ignorance and lack of care from the Germans. â€Å"Mourn for the daughters, upright as statues, brave. † Not only men were dying, but women and children too. It forces the readers to question themselves, and put themselves in the personas place and question whether we would be as brave. † ‘upright as a statue’? This tells us that these people were strong before they died they were not quavering and falling about they kept their dignity.In addition this highlights how the persona was continuing to act as a heroic fig ure within the poem. The bravery of the persona continues throughout the poem. â€Å"You would not look at me. You waited for the bullet. † The single word sentence emphasises the sudden and disturbing death which the persona has to witness. The dark tone and brutal graphic imagery used by Duffy brings the reader into the situation which creates a strong feeling of hatred toward the German soldiers in which are doing this to innocent Jewish women.The persona will not let the reader forget â€Å"I say Remember. Remember these appalling days which make the world  for ever bad† Repetition of the word ‘Remember’ impacts and addresses the reader personally. In addition the repetition of Remember echoes in our head like a guilty conscience, the last dying word of a fellow human being at the hands of incompetent young men. The way in which Duffy says â€Å"which will for ever make the world bad† Indicates that no matter what, this brutal behaviour and these actions have already occurred.Furthermore nothing anyone does will erase what has happened to the innocent Jews, which impacts on how the world will almost be forever tainted as sometimes being a bad place. After the brutality that has already occurred Duffy continues to bring in more imagery whilst describing the persona getting raped. Although Duffy narrows into the rape at first with a subtle manor by saying â€Å"One saw I was alive. Loosened his belt. † The enjambment between ‘loosened’ and ‘belt’ draws the attention to the horrific fact that this woman is actually about to be raped. Duffy goes about it in a very subtle way, but the graphic description we get next is enough to make anyone feel the sheer impact of what has just occurred. The horror of what is happening to the poor innocent Jew continues as Duffy says â€Å"My bowels opened in a ragged gape of fear† I believe this is one of the lines in the poem which has most impact toward the reader. The long vowel sounds and the graphic imagery of the event is etched into your mind.The single word ‘gape’ mirrors the word rape which leaves the horrific image in the readers head of what is happening to the Jewish girl and it makes you empathise with her situation. â€Å"I could see a child† the soldiers had no morals, the meaning of right and wrong had been torn away from the soldiers and acts of brutality were happening to women and children. â€Å"I shot her in the eye† Duffy says this so carelessly within the poem to highlight just how carelessly the soldiers shot the innocent child in the eye.In addition links with the clear horrific imagery Duffy is using whilst building up toward the main event of the poem which is the murdering of the persona. The unashamed soldiers continue their horrific acts and take no notice of what they are actually doing to the once living human beings around them. â€Å"young men gossiping and smoking by the graves† His total disrespect for the dead Jews again will make the reader sympathise with Duffy’s persona, and drew my attention towards her bravery and how she held on, no matter what happened to her.What happens next is devastating. The persona tells how â€Å"her bare feet felt the earth and urine trickled down my legs until I heard the click. Not yet. A trick. † Duffy shows how it’s almost as if the soldiers were playing a game, mocking the persona and thriving off how weak she is. Furthermore the horrific imagery produced by Duffy for the pour lifeless persona lying on the ground after everything that has happened to her. Which links with the next line how no matter what is happening to the persona she still holds on to her religion which is inspirational.Which shows true faith due to the situation in which she is in, she hasn’t given up. The persona doesn’t even begin to question her faith which highlights how she is a truly heroic character. â€Å"Tell them I sang the ancient psalms at dusk inside the wire and strong men wept. † She tells of how her psalms made strong men weep. Her story is terrible and sad, but she will never let us forget. Her final lines echo the words of the 25th  psalm â€Å"Turn thee  unto me with mercy, for I am desolate and lost. The persona is finally telling the reader of how she is ‘desolate and lost’, a sad and reflective ending which makes the persona seem nostalgic but also everlasting, her voice echoes in our heads. The persona left it until the end as the dignity and true belief in her religion kept her strong in one of the worst situations in which any human being could be placed in. Shooting Stars’ is a story of heroic life being destroyed and taken away by guiltless soldiers who believe what they are doing is for the good of their country.The poem is told differently as it does not tell the fanciful tales of the glory of the war, it tells it how it is. It tells of the real heroic people of the world, the innocent blood of women and children, pooling on the ground in countries like Iraq and Bosnia, and Duffy lets the reader know that these events are still goi ng on and ‘The world turns in its sleep’ as if we do not care and forget the terrible events which happened. But Duffy says we must Remember and her haunting words from the grave will never be forgotten. We will not forget.